Diagnostic instrument



NQV- 2.5, '1930- c. H. ARMBRUSTER DIAGNOSTIC INSTRUMENT Filed Feb. l, 1927 2 ysheetsheet 1 za 2f /f Z5' /f INVENTOR w illll Nov. 25,v 1930. c. E. H. AMBRUSTER 1,782,705

DIAGNOSTI C INSTRUMENT Fild Feb. 1, 1927 aimais-sheet 2 IVI/IL /3 fv A INENTOR.

4 YTTORNEY.

e 250 tioniofethesta .included inthe lampunit;

" iPatieritedsNov. d,

ciiAiLnsEi1H. iiitiyii3nus'riin, or DENVER, coronario'" jniziie'nosric ins'rnUMEivr Y AppicationnieaFebruary i, 1927. fserial No. 165,140.

This invention relatesto diagnostic instruv `ments ofthe class exemplified by the ophthal moscope and the retinoscope which .are employed in the diagnosis of oculardiseases and An` aimfof the improvements is' simplicity ofconstruction leading to Aareduced cost ,of production and greater practicability in use and another purpose `ofthe improveinentsiis ,15 to `facilitate the adjustmentotl the lamp of the instrument relative tothe focal point of the therewith cooperative reflector, and' to afford" ready access'to any `of the Vparts of which the instrument is composed. 1 Further .objects of the present vinvention will be brought out in the course ofithertollowing description, withreferenceto the accompanying drawingsin the several views of whichlike parts are similarly designated and 5 in which` I t' Y Figure 1 represents an elevation of the iiistrument, i u

Figure2, aj longitudinal section ontlie line 2-.2Figure `1, i t i i Figure 3, enelevation of the lainpunit of the instrument and in fragmentary and partially sectionalelevation, the body portion of the casing in which the unitis normallyenclosed, Y Figure .4,.is a sectional elevation of the upper portionofthe instrument, drawn to an Y'enlarged.sca-ley` f Y u t u Figure "5, a Vsection alongthe line 5-`5 Figure4, i

Figure 4, Y t Figure 7, an elevation of the upper portion of the body-portion .of the casing of the instrument, t v FigurelS, anenlargedsection along the line 8-#8 Figure 2, V

JFigure 9, asection taken on the line 9-.-9 Figurefl, and Y s l Figure 10, a detail view of thelower por- Figure `6, asection taken on the line :i .an enlargedboss23. ",The spring is disposed Referring further to,` the drawings,` the? improved instrunientcomprises a cylindrical` casingcomposed of a body-portion 5 anda l therewith telescoping top-section 6.*The f Vcasingeneloses"the lamp-unit, the light collector, Ithe lens and other parts of the in# strument and its sections are readily pulled apart to eXposethe lamp `for its adjustment, as will hereinafter-bemore fully/described.

yThe lamp unitwhereinhefore referred tof@O consists of a base??` of non-conductive nia-"1v terialwhich plugs the` lower end of thecasl ing, and a standard 8 fastened to the plug and extending lengthwise ofthe casingfalong a;- portioniof the inner surfacethereof."` A resilient `blade `9 encased in a sheath 10uof'insulating material is fastened to the plug opposite tothe standard `and terminates inra contact-finger 12 which practice the cir- Vcuitofthe lamp isclosed: Abutton 13 con- 79 nectedA at tlieupper endof the blade, extends through `registering openings in thewtwo tele,-

scoping sections of thel r`:a"sing,mto` close the, circuit byqingerepressure.

Boththe standard nd thelolade are fasi tened to the plug by means of screws 14` as best showninFigure 2and the completeunit is fastened iii the `casing by `two screwsl u which permit o'fready removal of the unit after the button `has been detached from` the B Y contact-lolade(` t i The incandesecent lamp 16 of. the instru# ment is screwed into a metal socket 17 which is nlnountedjon a block 18 of insulatinginatef ria..` u l` Y w The' terminal lat thev end of the lampfplugV contacts with the head cfa ,stalQ .extending through an` axial bore of theinsulating block and having .al collar 2Q engaging the lower end `of the block. Theustem ,extends downwardlytlirough an axial bore ofthe insulat-V ing plug at the lowerend of the :casing audits lower portionis screw-threaded :for the ap` plication of an adjusting nutu21` whicli` engages the end ofthe plug outside the casing and `which extends partially iii "a;;counter sink ofthe bore of the plug. Thestem which can inove lengthwise in tliebore ofthe plugis supportedona coiled spring 22 `ley means `ofi in an enlargement of the bore of the plug and the boss has a laterally projecting arm 24 best shown in Figure l0, which extends in a recess in the outer surface of the plug to hold the staff against rotation and which is equipped with a binding-screw 25 for the attachment of one of the wires 26 of the plug by means of which the instrument is connected in the circuit.

`The last mentioned plug hasv not been shown in the drawings, since its construction is similar to that of plugs of other electrical instruments at present in common use. lt it to be understood however that in the coniluctor by which the plug is connected to the instrument, is included a rheostat of suitable site and form which in the operation of the instrunient serves to regulate the intensity of the light beam.

The other conductor is connected to an arm 2"? of the contact blade 9, shown in broken lines in Figure 3.

The stallA has immediately above the boss 23, a neck 2S of reduced diameter which permits of its deflection for lateral 'adjustn'ient by means of screws 29 in threaded openings of bosses of a head 30 on the standard 8.

rlhe screws engage with a metalring 3l around the lower end of the insulating block of the lamp-socket, and a. coiled spring- 32 stretched against the ring between two hooks on the head of the standard, to which its ends are fastened, tends to hold the ring in constant engagementvwth the protruding ends of the adjusting screws. The outer ends of the screws which are nicked for the application of a screw driver, are accessible through openings 33 in the body portion of the casing.

The body portion of the casing has at quadrant points of its upper edge, notches 34 to facilitate centering7 of the lamp.

Clamped between opposite shoulders on the two sections of the casing, is a preferably elliptic focusing reflector 35 which has a central opening through which the lamp protrudes. The reflector directs the light rays emitted from the lamp to a light-transmit ting concentrating element located in the focal point of the reflective surface.

The element as shown in the drawings consists of a complete sphere 36 of glass or other suitable transparent material which is supported between two disks 37 provided with central beveled apertures to admit opposite portions of the sphere.

The disks conjointly provide an opaque diaphragm which is supported on a rim at the lower end of a tubular holder 38 and held in place by al split bushing 39 which is fitted in the holder above the diaphragm. The bushing isheld inside the holder by the resiliency of the lne-tal of which it is coinposed and it is readily removed to afford access to the sphere. The holder 38 has an external screw-thread that cooperates with a corresponding thread in the tubular end portion of the section 6 of the casing for the adjustment of the sphere to its proper position in the focal point of the reflector.'

rEhe adjustment of the holder is facilitated by a milled rim above the end of the casingsection in which it is screwed. Slidably fitted upon the tubular end-portion of the casing is a sleeve 40 which at its outer end carries the condensing lens 4l of theV instrument. The sleeve has an exterior enlargement for the support of the sight element which comprises a supporting plate 42 fastened to the enlargenient by means of screws 43.

rlhe plate has a sight-opening lll and in axial alinement therewith, a smaller sight hole l5 at the end of a conical eye-piece fl-(S. A tubular bracket 47 projecting forwardly from the plate carries a slanting annular back 48 for a reflecting mirror L9 which is inclined at an angle of approximately fortyfive degrees above the condensing lens.

rlhe mirror has in its silvering an aperture 50 centrally located in the axis of the lens TH, which is coincident with the axes of the lamp. casing and the light condensing sphere, and it is held in place by a frame 51 provided with resilient fingers 52 for its clamping engagement with the rim of the annular back.

rl"he axis of the sightopening coincides with that of the aperture in the mirror and at that point intersects the axis of the con- (lensing lens so that when the lamp is lighted by the completion of its circuit through pressure on the button,the beam of light emanated through the condensing lens and reflected at an angle of about ninety degrees by the slanting mirror, can be directed by the operator looking through the eye-pieve, to the eye of the patient.

` The light rays emitted by the lamp are focused by the reflector upon the sphere which. thereby becomes a secondary source of light free from shadows or spots ordinarily pro` duced by an image of the lamp filament, the light passing through the condensing lens as a circular beam of high illuminative power.

lt is essential that the sphere or other light condensing object be located at 'the focal point of the reflector and that the filament of the lamp be in the axis of the reflector and so located as to focus its light rays by means of the elliptic reflector directly upon the condensing element. In short, the condensing element and the filament must be so placed in relation to the reflector that the two focal points are in conjugation.

rlhe adjustments herein described are therefore of paramount importance, it being evident that the adjustment of the lamp in the axis of the instrument is readily effected by rotation of the nut 21 at the end of the casing, that the lateral adjustment of the lamp relative to the axis of the reflector may f be accurately acco'mplished-.by` rotation of for adjustment of` thelamp-socket, and a button exteriorly of the` casing to move the l A wA ,- the sleeve-4C() of the sight plate and the upper section of the casingaro removed by a `one or another` of the two screws 29 and that l the position of the condensing sphere. inthe axis may bevariedby rotation of the holder38. Y

After the upper section of the casing Ahas i been removedthe `adjustment of the lamp is facilitated by the notches 34 inthe upper edge of the rbody section, which being opposite to each other in lines intersectingat rightangles, serve asrsights.

Itis further to be .observed that 'the construction ofthe instrument permits ofready access to all of its constituent parts. Both mere sliding movement. v

The separation of the sections of the cas ing,.exposes the reflector forremoval, and by unfastening the two screws l5 and de. taching the button 13 the entire lamp unit can be removed from the casing.

I-Iaving thus described myinvention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Pat ent is l. In a diagnostic instrument of the character described, a casing, a diaphragm in the l. ao

casing, composed of spaced disks having central apertures, and a light-condensing sphere clamped between the disks and in theV apertures thereof.

` 2. In a diagnostic instrument of the character described, a tubular casing, aholder in the casing, having an `inturned rim, a f diaphragm on the rim, composedof spaced centrally apertured disks, a light-condensing blade into contact with the socket.

acter described, a` casing, a plug at an end thereof, astandard fastened on the plug, a

lamp socketv on the standard, means mounted on the casing'for lateraladjustment ofthe standard and .means on the plug for'longitudinal adjustment of the same.

`7. In a diagnosticinstrument of the acter "described, a casing, 'a diaphragm in chari the casing composed of spaced'members having apertures anda light condensing sphere clamped `between the members in with the Vapertures thereof.

8.V Ina diagnostici alineinent scoping sections having means for clamping the reflector therebetween, the reflector having'an opening, an adjustable lamp socketat the opening, `alampinlthe socket, and means vfor adjustingthe socket relative to there-` A `90 flector. j Y l i 9. Ina diagnostic instrument `of the character described, a casing composed oftelesaid shoulders.

Intestimony whereof I"V have affixed my signature. l

1 CHARLES E. I-I. ARLIBRUSTER.v

element between the disks in the apertures i thereof, and a resilient Vbushingin the holder, engaging the diaphragm to hold itin place on the rim. Y l l 3. In adiagnostic instrumentofthe'character described,a casing,a` plug at an end thereof, a lamp-socket in the casing, a staff upon which the socket is mounted, having a screw threaded end-portion extending through the Y plug, a sprlng supporting the staff on the l plug, andv a nut exteriorly of theplug and cooperating with thescrew-threaded portion ofl thev staff for longitudinal adjustment Vof the same.

4. In a diagnostic instrument of the character described, afcasing composed of telescoping sections, and a lamp adjustablyy openings at its end adjacent the lamp, to facilitate centering of the lamp- `byits adjustment.` Y l v 5. In a diagnostic instrument of the char-V acter described, a' casing, an insulating plug,

o mounted upon andatthe junction between l' the sections, one ofthe sectionshaving sight at an end thereof, astandard fastened to the.`

plug, a resilient contact-blade fastened on the plug, a lamp-socket adjustably support'- Y ed on the plug, means on the standard, in-

` 1 operative. engagement withthe lamp socket,

p "strument of the character described, a reflector adapted to be` clamped betweenl telescoping sections, a jcasing for the instrument composed of te1e-`` 

